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emmeans  

Estimated Marginal Means, aka Least-Squares Means
View on CRAN: Click here


Download and install emmeans package within the R console
Install from CRAN:
install.packages("emmeans")

Install from Github:
library("remotes")
install_github("cran/emmeans")

Install by package version:
library("remotes")
install_version("emmeans", "2.0.4")



Attach the package and use:
library("emmeans")
Maintained by
Russell V. Lenth
[Scholar Profile | Author Map]
All associated links for this package
First Published: 2017-10-20
Latest Update: 2025-08-26
Description:
Obtain estimated marginal means (EMMs) for many linear, generalized linear, and mixed models. Compute contrasts or linear functions of EMMs, trends, and comparisons of slopes. Plots and other displays. Least-squares means are discussed, and the term "estimated marginal means" is suggested, in Searle, Speed, and Milliken (1980) Population marginal means in the linear model: An alternative to least squares means, The American Statistician 34(4), 216-221 .
How to cite:
Russell V. Lenth (2017). emmeans: Estimated Marginal Means, aka Least-Squares Means. R package version 2.0.4, https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/emmeans. Accessed 28 Oct. 2026.
Previous versions and publish date:
(2026-07-15 08:40), 0.9.1 (2017-11-05 14:30), 0.9 (2017-10-20 12:55), 1.0 (2017-12-05 18:45), 1.1.2 (2018-02-24 22:32), 1.1.3 (2018-04-01 09:42), 1.1 (2018-01-11 00:55), 1.2.1 (2018-05-21 18:46), 1.2.2 (2018-06-26 13:53), 1.2.3 (2018-07-18 06:20), 1.2.4 (2018-09-22 09:00), 1.2 (2018-05-08 08:53), 1.3.0 (2018-10-26 22:52), 1.3.1 (2018-12-14 00:20), 1.3.2 (2019-01-22 23:50), 1.3.3 (2019-03-02 16:20), 1.3.4 (2019-04-21 21:50), 1.3.5.1 (2019-06-26 18:10), 1.3.5 (2019-06-10 17:00), 1.4.1 (2019-09-12 07:10), 1.4.2 (2019-10-24 18:20), 1.4.3.01 (2019-11-28 12:50), 1.4.3 (2019-11-26 20:50), 1.4.4 (2020-01-28 07:10), 1.4.5 (2020-03-04 07:20), 1.4.6 (2020-04-19 06:50), 1.4.7 (2020-05-25 19:40), 1.4.8 (2020-06-26 20:20), 1.4 (2019-08-02 00:00), 1.5.0 (2020-08-18 09:30), 1.5.1 (2020-09-18 22:00), 1.5.2-1 (2020-10-25 06:50), 1.5.2 (2020-10-24 08:00), 1.5.3 (2020-12-09 18:40), 1.5.4 (2021-02-03 22:40), 1.5.5-1 (2021-03-21 09:00), 1.6.0 (2021-04-24 23:50), 1.6.1 (2021-06-01 07:00), 1.6.2-1 (2021-07-08 17:50), 1.6.3 (2021-08-20 08:50), 1.7.0 (2021-09-29 13:30), 1.7.1-1 (2021-11-29 22:40), 1.7.2 (2022-01-04 19:20), 1.7.3 (2022-03-27 06:00), 1.7.4-1 (2022-05-15 05:40), 1.7.5 (2022-06-22 09:40), 1.8.0 (2022-08-05 22:40), 1.8.1-1 (2022-09-08 19:32), 1.8.2 (2022-10-28 00:15), 1.8.3 (2022-12-06 20:00), 1.8.4-1 (2023-01-17 16:00), 1.8.5 (2023-03-08 18:40), 1.8.6 (2023-05-12 00:00), 1.8.7 (2023-06-23 17:50), 1.8.8 (2023-08-17 16:32), 1.8.9 (2023-10-18 01:30), 1.9.0 (2023-12-18 15:30), 1.10.0 (2024-01-24 00:20), 1.10.1 (2024-04-06 12:23), 1.10.2 (2024-05-20 05:50), 1.10.3 (2024-07-01 19:50), 1.10.4 (2024-08-21 05:00), 1.10.5 (2024-10-14 17:30), 1.10.6 (2024-12-12 22:10), 1.10.7 (2025-01-31 06:50), 1.11.0 (2025-03-20 08:20), 1.11.1 (2025-05-04 14:00), 1.11.2-8 (2025-08-28 01:10), 1.11.2 (2025-07-11 17:20), 2.0.0 (2025-10-29 07:10), 2.0.1 (2025-12-16 08:20), 2.0.2 (2026-03-05 08:50), 2.0.3 (2026-04-09 12:00)
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