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cops  

Cluster Optimized Proximity Scaling
View on CRAN: Click here


Download and install cops package within the R console
Install from CRAN:
install.packages("cops")

Install from Github:
library("remotes")
install_github("cran/cops")

Install by package version:
library("remotes")
install_version("cops", "1.12-1")



Attach the package and use:
library("cops")
Maintained by
Thomas Rusch
[Scholar Profile | Author Map]
All associated links for this package
First Published: 2019-11-01
Latest Update: 2024-09-22
Description:
Multidimensional scaling (MDS) methods that aim at pronouncing the clustered appearance of the configuration (Rusch, Mair & Hornik, 2021, ). They achieve this by transforming proximities/distances with power functions and augment the fitting criterion with a clusteredness index, the OPTICS Cordillera (Rusch, Hornik & Mair, 2018, ). There are two variants: One for finding the configuration directly (COPS-C) for ratio, power, interval and non-metric MDS (Borg & Groenen, 2005, ISBN:978-0-387-28981-6), and one for using the augmented fitting criterion to find optimal parameters (P-COPS). The package contains various functions, wrappers, methods and classes for fitting, plotting and displaying different MDS models in a COPS framework like ratio, interval and non-metric MDS for COPS-C and P-COPS with Torgerson scaling (Torgerson, 1958, ISBN:978-0471879459), scaling by majorizing a complex function (SMACOF; de Leeuw, 1977, ), Sammon mapping (Sammon, 1969, ), elastic scaling (McGee, 1966, ), s-stress (Takane, Young & de Leeuw, 1977, ), r-stress (de Leeuw, Groenen & Mair, 2016, ), power stress (Buja & Swayne, 2002 ), restricted power stress, approximate power stress, power elastic scaling, power Sammon mapping (for all Rusch, Mair & Hornik, 2021, ). All of these models can also solely be fit as MDS with power transformations. The package further contains a function for pattern search optimization, the ``Adaptive Luus-Jaakola Algorithm'' (Rusch, Mair & Hornik, 2021,).
How to cite:
Thomas Rusch (2019). cops: Cluster Optimized Proximity Scaling. R package version 1.12-1, https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/cops. Accessed 08 Oct. 2026.
Previous versions and publish date:
(2026-07-09 07:28), 1.0-2 (2019-11-01 10:30), 1.2-0 (2021-03-23 14:50), 1.3-1 (2023-01-19 16:50), 1.11-3 (2024-06-27 13:10)
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